| 翻訳と辞書 |
| physical determinism ： ウィキペディア英語版 |
physical determinism
Physical determinism generally refers to the assertion of a deterministic physical universe (greater physical system).〔〔〔〔〔〔〔〔〔〔〔〔 This holds that a complete description of the ''physical'' state of the world at any given time and a complete statement of the ''physical'' laws of nature together entail every truth as to what ''physical'' events happen after that time.〔 In a scientific context, the term 'event' is somewhat technical, depending upon which theory one is considering, and basically is the occurrence of some 'state' peculiar to that theory, for example, a quantum state or a thermodynamic state. Physical determinism includes (but is not restricted to) nomological determinism, which holds that all future events are governed by the past or present according to all-encompassing deterministic laws.〔〔〔〔〔〔〔
The concept of physical determinism has also been used to denote the predictability of a physical system, although this usage is uncommon.〔〔 Physical determinism can also be viewed as an observed phenomenon of our experience, or a thesis only relevant to mathematical models of physics and other physical sciences.〔 Physical determinism has also been used as a specific deterministic hypothesis about human behavior.〔 Although somewhat unrelated to its standard context, physical determinism has also been used in social engineering theory.〔
==History==
The notion of physical determinism takes its classical form in the ideas of Laplace, who posited (in agreement with the physics of his time) that an omniscient observer (called sometimes Laplace's demon) knowing with infinite precision the positions and velocities of every particle in the universe could predict the future entirely.〔 Although such an omniscient observer is a hypothetical construct, and infinite precision exceeds the capacities of human measurement, the illustration is presented as a statement of what ''in principle'' would be possible if physical determinism were true, and so reduction to practice is not an issue.
Physical determinism is currently under heavy debate in modern science. For example, physical indeterminism has been proposed to accommodate various interpretations of quantum mechanics. Suggestions have also been made to reformulate the conception of determinism with respect to its application to physical law.〔〔
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
■ウィキペディアで「physical determinism」の詳細全文を読む
スポンサード リンク
| 翻訳と辞書 : 翻訳のためのインターネットリソース |
Copyright(C) kotoba.ne.jp 1997-2016. All Rights Reserved.
|
|